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CPI vs PPI: What Inflation Data Actually Tells You

September 02, 2026 · by Areeb Ali Khan

One measures what you pay; the other measures what producers pay. Together they show where inflation is heading.

CPI (Consumer Price Index) measures the prices consumers pay. PPI (Producer Price Index) measures the prices producers receive — costs earlier in the pipeline.

PPI often leads CPI: when input costs rise or fall, consumer prices tend to follow. Watching both gives you a sense of direction, not just the current level.

For markets, what matters most is the surprise versus expectations and the trend. Falling inflation is generally risk-on (it lets central banks ease); a hot, rising print is risk-off (it forces them to stay tight).

Macro Intelligence tracks the direction and how stretched the recent change is, so a cooling trend registers as supportive and a hot surprise as a headwind.

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